James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin

In 1962 James Watson (1928- ), Francis Crick (1916- ), and Maurice Wilkins (1916- ) jointly received the Nobel nose in medicine or physiology for their determination in 1953 of the coordinate of deoxyribonucleic social disease (desoxyribonucleic acid). Beca using up the Nobel Prize behind be awarded entirely to the living, Wilkinss colleague Rosalind Franklin (1920-1958), who died from cancer at the bestride of thirty-seven, could not be honored. James Watson and Francis Crick The molecule that is the prat for heredity, deoxyribonucleic acid, contains the patterns for constructing proteins in the body, including the various enzymes. A new understanding of heredity and hereditary disease was possible once it was determined that DNA consists of two custody twisted around each other, or double helixes, of alternating phosphate and sugar groups and that the two chains are held together by hydrogen bonds between pairs of faultless bases--adenine (A) with thymine (T) and g uanine (G) with cytosine (C). Modern biotechnology in any case has its basis in the structural fellowship of DNA--in this case the scientists cleverness to modify the DNA of host cells that willing then mother a desired product, for example, insulin.

The background for the organize of the four scientists was organize by several scientific breakthroughs: the overture made by X-ray crystallographers in studying native macromolecules; the growing state supplied by geneticists that it was DNA, not protein, in chromosomes that was trustworthy for heredity; Erwin Chargaffs data-based finding that there are equa lise numbers of A and T bases and of G and C! bases in DNA; and Linus Paulings stripping that the molecules of some proteins have helical shapes--arrived at through the use of atomic models and a keen friendship of the possible impulse of various atoms. Of the four DNA researchers only Rosalind Franklin had university degrees in chemistry. The daughter of a prominent... If you want to get a full essay, baseball club it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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